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ANCIENT VOYNICH MANUSCRIPT PDF PLUS

Sometimes, God or Jesus is shown at the top or incorporated into the content as head, hands, and feet at the outer edges: On some maps, the surrounding waters are embellished with fish, boats, monsters, named or unnamed islands, or people. Specific mountains, like Mount Atlas (bottom-right), are taller mounds:

Mountain ranges are lines of small bumps. 1110) is oriented with east at the top and the Cyclades in the center (with Jerusalem nearby). They were seen as a vehicle to channel messages from a higher power. Note that medieval lawbooks, and the scrying glass of John Dee, were also referenced as “mirrors”. This shape may reflect the idea of the map as a “mirror” of the world (the mirror thus reflecting an image given by God). Mappae perimeters are usually shaped like a race-track, almond, or circle, ringed by a body of water. Jerusalem is identified chiefly by the label and its position on the map. The palette is green, red, and a pale brownish amber-similar to the VMS except there’s no blue.Įach one is different because the architecture is stylized or entirely fictional. Walsperger: A more naturalistic view of a walled city with two tall round, layered towers.The Sawley mappa is similar except that Jerusalem is slightly off-center from the Cyclades, and it has a dome instead of a saddleback portal entrance. S-G 782: A frontal image of a building with towers, crenelations, a saddleback portal, and two crosses, embellished with turquoise.

ANCIENT VOYNICH MANUSCRIPT PDF PLUS

Hereford: Circular aerial view, with crenelations and 4 plus 4 structures facing the center, in varying shades of brown ink.

Ebstorf: Rectangular aerial view of walls, quite detailed, showing towers, bricks/stones, and battlements, with an image of Christ in the center.

In the example maps, each depiction of Jerusalem is different, as follows: Thus saith the Lord God, This is Jerusalem, I have set it in the midst of the nations and countries, that are round about her. Western mappa mundae usually place Jerusalem at or near the center, emphasizing its historical and spiritual importance, as in this passage in Ezekial:

Paris, Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève 782 (late 13th c).

Hereford (England, late 13th c), Hereford Cathedral.

Ebstorf (Germany? 13th c), original destroyed, facsimile in Ebstorf cloister.

The blog format is too constrained to cover all the mappae mundi, so I’ve selected these as the main examples: It was barely an introduction, so this is a continuation, with “mounds” discussed in the context of medieval mappae mundi. In a previous blog, I noted some of the ways that “mounds” on the VMS rosettes folio might be interpreted.